Rule 120.Entering Appearance
Last verified June 28, 2026
Full Text of Rule 120
Plain-English Summary
Rule 120 recognizes the simplest way to submit to a court. A defendant may enter an appearance in open court, personally, by attorney, or by an authorized agent. The judge notes the appearance on the docket and enters it in the minutes, and it carries the same force and effect as if citation had been duly issued and served.
Frequently Asked Questions
How does a defendant enter an appearance in Texas?
Under Rule 120, in open court — in person, by attorney, or by agent — which the judge notes on the docket and in the minutes, with the same effect as service of citation.
Does entering an appearance under Rule 120 require a written filing?
No. Rule 120 lets the appearance happen in open court — personally, by attorney, or by an authorized agent — and the judge notes it on the docket and in the minutes.
What is the legal effect of an appearance under Rule 120?
It carries the same force as if citation had been issued and served, so the defendant stands before the court without any citation ever going out.