§ 84.007.Applicability
Title 4. Liability in Tort · Chapter 84. Charitable Immunity and Liability · Last amended 2011 · Last verified August 29, 2026
Full Text of § 84.007
Plain-English Summary
The applicability section, and it is where the chapter's real boundaries are.
The chapter does not apply to an act or omission that is intentional, wilfully negligent, or done with conscious indifference or reckless disregard for the safety of others. That governs every protection in the chapter except the religious security personnel immunity, which expressly overrides it.
Subsection (c) blocks the obvious abuse: the chapter does not limit liability if the organization was formed substantially to limit its liability under this chapter.
Subsection (g) is the insurance condition, and it is decisive. The employee and organization caps do not apply to a charitable organization that does not have liability insurance in effect covering the organization, its employees, and its volunteers, in at least $500,000 per person, $1,000,000 per occurrence for death or bodily injury, and $100,000 per occurrence for property.
An uninsured charity has no cap. That is the chapter's principal incentive to carry coverage, and it matches the bargain the recreational use and alternative medical caps strike.
Subsection (e) excludes health care providers as the medical liability chapter defines them from the two caps — unless the provider is a federally funded migrant or community health center, a nonprofit HMO created by a community center, or usually provides discounted services at or below cost.
Subsection (f) excludes a governmental unit or its employees, who are covered by the Tort Claims Act. Subsection (d) excludes organizations formed to dispose of, remove, or store hazardous, industrial, radioactive, or municipal solid waste, garbage, or sludge — and directs that this exclusion be liberally construed.
Subsection (b) leaves the duties of directors and officers to the organization and its members unaffected, and subsection (h) excludes statewide trade associations representing local chambers and certain event cosponsors.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does charitable immunity cover intentional acts?
No. The chapter does not apply to an act that is intentional, wilfully negligent, or done with conscious indifference or reckless disregard for the safety of others — except for religious organization security personnel.
Do the caps apply without insurance?
No. The employee and organization caps do not apply to a charitable organization without liability insurance in at least $500,000 per person, $1 million per occurrence, and $100,000 for property.
Are health care providers covered?
Generally not by the two caps, unless the provider is a federally funded migrant or community health center, a nonprofit HMO created by a community center, or usually provides discounted services at or below cost.
Does it apply to government entities?
No. Governmental units and their employees are excluded and are governed by the Texas Tort Claims Act.
Amendment History
- Added by Acts 1987, 70th Leg., ch. 370, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1987.
- Amended by Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. 14, Sec. 284(14), (20), eff. Sept. 1, 1991; Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. 76, Sec. 6, eff. Sept. 1, 1991; Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 835, Sec. 3, eff. Sept. 1, 1997;
- Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 1297, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1997; Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 93, Sec. 2, eff. Sept. 1, 2003; Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 204, Sec. 18.02, eff. Sept. 1, 2003; Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 1276, Sec. 10A.507, eff. Sept. 1, 2003.
- Amended by:
- Acts 2005, 79th Leg., Ch. 133 (H.B. 736), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2005.
- Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 39 (S.B. 1846), Sec. 2, eff. May 9, 2011.