§ 1331.Return of property; directions to clerk and claiming agent
Article 13-A. Proceeds of Crime—forfeiture · Last amended 1984 · Last verified July 21, 2026
Full Text of CPLR 1331
Plain-English Summary
Section 1331 gives a way to unwind an attachment once it has served its purpose in a forfeiture case. Any interested person -- the defendant, a claimant, a lender with a lien on the property, or the claiming authority itself -- can move for an order telling the county clerk to cancel the notice of attachment and telling the claiming agent to return, release, assign, or account for the seized property or its proceeds.
The statute builds in protection for the parties who share an interest in the outcome. Notice must reach the claiming agent and every party to the action, plus the claiming authority and plaintiffs under any other attachment orders, and any judgment creditors holding executions against the same property. That spread of notice keeps one attaching creditor from quietly walking off with property that others have a competing claim on.
Before property moves, the claiming agent's fees and expenses get paid. The court can also order the claiming agent to file additional inventories or accountings, which gives the parties, and the court, a paper trail showing what came in, what went out, and what remains.
Frequently Asked Questions
Who can bring a motion under CPLR 1331?
Any interested person may move for relief under this section, which covers the defendant, a claimant to the property, a secured lender, or another party affected by the attachment -- not only the claiming authority that obtained it.
Does the claiming agent have to return property for free?
No. Any return, release, or disposition the court orders is subject to payment of the claiming agent's fees and expenses, so those costs come out before the property or proceeds go back.
What is the difference between a claiming agent and a claiming authority?
The claiming agent is the entity holding and administering the attached property day to day, while the claiming authority is the prosecuting office pursuing the forfeiture action; section 1331 directs orders at the agent but requires notice to the authority.
Who must receive notice before the court acts on a 1331 motion?
The claiming agent, every party to the action, the claiming authority, any plaintiffs with other attachment orders on the same property, and any judgment creditors with executions affecting it.
Can a defendant use section 1331 to get seized cash back before the forfeiture case ends?
Yes, if the defendant can show the court that the attachment is no longer needed to secure a resulting judgment or that some portion of the property should be released, though the motion still requires notice to every affected party.
Amendment History
Add, L 1984, ch 669, § 1, eff Aug 1, 1984 and applicable to crimes committed on and after Aug 1, 1984.