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Rule 5:14-4.Gestational Carrier Matters; Orders of Parentage

Last amended September 1, 2019 · Current through September 1, 2026 · Last verified September 8, 2026

In one sentenceRule 5:14-4 lets intended parents obtain an order of parentage in a gestational carrier arrangement on a fast timetable — order to show cause within three days, return date within seven — with no appearance required if nobody objects.

Full Text of Rule 5:14-4

Text sizeJump to: (a) (b) (c) (d)

(a) Complaint and Order to Show Cause. Prior to the birth of a child or thereafter and prior to the issuance of a birth certificate pursuant to N.J.S.A. 26:8-28, a complaint and a proposed order to show cause may be filed requesting an order of parentage naming the petitioners as the child's legal parents. A complaint filed pursuant to the New Jersey Gestational Carrier Agreement Act N.J.S.A. 9:17-60 et seq., shall have attached to it those documents as set forth in N.J.S.A. 9:17-67(b). A gestational carrier is defined as a woman who is not the genetic mother of the child.
(b) Process. The complaint, proposed order to show cause, and proposed order of parentage shall be filed with the Surrogate in the county where either the petitioners or gestational carrier resides, or where the child is to be born. The executed order to show cause shall be entered by the court no later than three days after filing of the complaint and set forth a return date no later than seven days after the filing date of the complaint. The gestational carrier and her spouse or partner in a civil union or domestic partnership, if applicable, and any other party to the gestational carrier agreement, shall be served with a copy of the complaint, executed order to show cause, and proposed order of parentage. Proof of service shall be filed with the court on or before the return date.
(c) Return on Order to Show Cause.
(1) If the gestational carrier, or her spouse or partner in a civil union or domestic partnership, if applicable, and any other party to the gestational carrier agreement, have not filed an objection with the Surrogate, or appeared in court, an order of parentage shall be signed on the return date. The order of parentage shall state that the petitioners shall be the sole parents of the child born to the gestational carrier. Personal appearances of the parties on the return date shall not be required unless there is an objection to the relief requested.
(2) The order of parentage shall be effective on the date it is executed by the court, and the Surrogate shall provide the fully executed order of parentage immediately to the petitioners or their attorney who shall serve a copy of the order of parentage on the gestational carrier and her spouse or partner in a civil union or domestic partnership, if applicable, and any other party to the gestational carrier agreement.
(d) Listing of Names of Petitioners on the Birth Record. Pursuant to N.J.S.A. 26:8-28 and N.J.S.A. 9:17-67(g), upon presentation by the petitioners or their attorney of the fully executed order of parentage to the hospital or health care facility in which the child was born, the names of the petitioners shall be listed as the parents of the child on the birth record pursuant to N.J.A.C. 8:2-1.5(d).
End

Amendment History

New Jersey publishes each rule’s amendment record in a “Note” beneath the rule. It is reproduced verbatim below; a “Source” line names the former rule the current one grew out of, and “R. (1969)” citations refer to the earlier numbering it replaced.

Note: Adopted July 27, 2015 to be effective September 1, 2015; paragraphs (a), (b), (c), (d) amended July 29, 2019 to be effective September 1, 2019.

Plain-English Summary

A gestational carrier is defined here as a woman who is not the genetic mother of the child. Where such an arrangement exists, the intended parents can secure an order naming them the child's legal parents — filed before the birth or after it, but before a birth certificate issues.

The timetable is deliberately short, because it is racing a birth certificate. The complaint, proposed order to show cause and proposed order of parentage are filed with the Surrogate in the county where the petitioners or the carrier live, or where the child is to be born. The court enters the executed order to show cause no later than three days after the complaint is filed, with a return date no later than seven days after filing. The carrier, her spouse or partner if any, and any other party to the agreement are served, and proof of service is filed by the return date.

If nobody objects or appears, the order of parentage is signed on the return date, stating that the petitioners are the sole parents of the child — and personal appearances are not required. The order takes effect when the court executes it, and the Surrogate provides it immediately to the petitioners or their attorney, who serves a copy on the carrier and the other parties. Presented to the hospital or health care facility where the child was born, it puts the petitioners' names on the birth record as the child's parents.

Frequently Asked Questions

How quickly is a gestational carrier parentage order obtained?

The executed order to show cause is entered no later than three days after the complaint is filed, with a return date no later than seven days after filing.

Do we have to appear in court?

Not if nobody objects. Where the gestational carrier, her spouse or partner if applicable, and any other party to the agreement have not filed an objection or appeared, the order is signed on the return date and personal appearances are not required.

Where is the complaint filed?

With the Surrogate in the county where either the petitioners or the gestational carrier resides, or where the child is to be born.

How do our names get on the birth certificate?

By presenting the fully executed order of parentage to the hospital or health care facility in which the child was born, at which point the petitioners' names are listed as the child's parents on the birth record.

Source & verification. The rule text and amendment history are reproduced verbatim from the official New Jersey Rules of Court, Part V (N.J. Ct. R. 5:14-4). Prescribed by the Supreme Court of New Jersey. The plain-English summary is original and written by us. Last verified September 8, 2026. · Official source
Also known as: gestational carriersurrogacyorder of parentageintended parentspre-birth orderassisted reproduction