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§ 1865.Immunity of Arbitrator

Chapter 38B: Uniform Arbitration Act · Not amended since adoption on record · Last verified August 3, 2026

In one sentenceGives an arbitrator or arbitration organization the same civil immunity and testimonial protection as a judge acting in a judicial capacity, and requires an award of attorney fees and litigation expenses to an arbitrator sued or subpoenaed in violation of that protection.

Full Text of § 1865

Text sizeJump to: (A) (B) (C) (D) (E)

A. An arbitrator or an arbitration organization acting in that capacity is immune from civil liability to the same extent as a judge of a court of this state acting in a judicial capacity.
B. The immunity afforded by this section supplements any immunity under other law.
C. The failure of an arbitrator to make a disclosure required by Section 13 of this act shall not cause any loss of immunity under this action.
D. In a judicial, administrative, or similar proceeding, an arbitrator or representative of an arbitration organization is not competent to testify, and may not be required to produce records as to any statement, conduct, decision, or ruling occurring during the arbitration proceeding, to the same extent as a judge of a court of this state acting in a judicial capacity. This subsection shall not apply:
1. To the extent necessary to determine the claim of an arbitrator, arbitration organization, or representative of the arbitration organization against a party to the arbitration proceeding; or
2. To a hearing on an application and motion to vacate an award under paragraph 1 or 2 of subsection A of Section 24 of this act if the movant establishes prima facie that a ground for vacating the award exists.
E. If a person commences a civil action against an arbitrator, arbitration organization, or representative of an arbitration organization arising from the services of the arbitrator, organization, or representative or if a person seeks to compel an arbitrator or a representative of an arbitration organization to testify or produce records in violation of subsection D of this section, and the court decides that the arbitrator, arbitration organization, or representative of an arbitration organization is immune from civil liability or that the arbitrator or representative of the organization is not competent to testify, the court shall award to the arbitrator, organization, or representative reasonable attorney fees and other reasonable expenses of litigation.

Amendment History

Added by Laws 2005, SB 873, c. 364, §15, eff. 1/1/2006.

Plain-English Summary

Section 1865 shields arbitrators from the kind of liability that might otherwise chill their willingness to decide cases. An arbitrator or arbitration organization acting in that role is immune from civil liability to the same extent as an Oklahoma judge acting in a judicial capacity, and that immunity adds to whatever protection other law already provides. Failing to make a disclosure required by Section 1863 doesn't cost the arbitrator this immunity.

The same judge-like protection extends to testimony: an arbitrator or a representative of an arbitration organization can't be forced to testify, or to produce records, about any statement, conduct, decision, or ruling made during the arbitration -- with two exceptions, for a claim the arbitrator or organization brings against a party, and for a hearing on a motion to vacate an award under Section 1874(A)(1) or (2) where the party seeking vacatur makes a prima facie showing that a ground exists. If someone sues an arbitrator, organization, or representative over their arbitration services, or tries to compel testimony or records in violation of these protections, and the court finds the immunity or testimonial protection applies, the court must award the arbitrator, organization, or representative reasonable attorney fees and other litigation expenses.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can you sue an arbitrator in Oklahoma for how they ruled?

Generally no. Section 1865 makes an arbitrator or arbitration organization immune from civil liability to the same extent as an Oklahoma judge acting in a judicial capacity.

Can an arbitrator be forced to testify about how they reached their decision?

No, not ordinarily -- the same judge-like protection bars compelling an arbitrator's testimony or records about the arbitration, except for a claim the arbitrator brings against a party or a hearing on a motion to vacate where the movant makes a prima facie showing a ground for vacating exists.

What happens if someone sues an arbitrator anyway and loses because of immunity?

The court must award the arbitrator, arbitration organization, or representative reasonable attorney fees and other reasonable litigation expenses.

Does failing to disclose a conflict cost an arbitrator their immunity?

No. Subsection C says the failure to make a disclosure required by Section 1863 doesn't cause a loss of immunity under this section.

Source & verification. Section text is reproduced verbatim from Title 12 of the Oklahoma Statutes, enacted by the Oklahoma Legislature. Last verified August 3, 2026. · Official source
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