Texas causes of action

The claims filed most often in Texas district and county courts. Each page covers what the claim is, where the right comes from, what a plaintiff has to prove, how long they have to file, what has to happen before filing, who can be sued, what the defenses are and what the claim actually pays.

• Breach of contract in Texas — and the fee statute that decides what the case is worthTex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 16.004(a)(3), 38.001, 38.002; PJC 101.2Four years to sue, counted from the breach. Texas pays a winning plaintiff's attorney's fees under CPRC § 38.001 — but only after a written demand and a 30-day wait, and only against defendants the 2021 amendment finally reached.
• Negligence in Texas — and what Werner changed about causation in 2025Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 16.003(a), 33.001, 41.001(11), 41.008; PJC 2.1Two years to sue. No attorney's fees. Recovery is barred outright if you are more than 50 percent at fault, and in 2025 the Texas Supreme Court tightened what counts as a cause of the injury.
• Car accident claims in Texas — negligent entrustment, medical bill affidavits, and the paid-or-incurred ruleTex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 16.003(a), 18.001, 33.001, 41.0105; PJC 5.1Two years from the crash. The jury sees only what was paid or incurred, not the billed amount — and the affidavit that proves your medical charges has a deadline tied to the defendant's answer, not to trial.
• Suit on sworn account in Texas — and the verified denial that most defendants missTex. R. Civ. P. 185, 93(10); Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 16.004(c), 38.001(b)(7)Rule 185 lets a business prove an unpaid account with an affidavit alone. If the defendant's answer is not sworn, the plaintiff wins on the paperwork — and the four-year clock runs from the day dealings ceased.
• Premises liability in Texas — status, knowledge, and why calling it "negligence" can sink the caseTex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 16.003(a), 33.001, 75.002, 95.002; PJC 66.4Two years to sue. The owner is liable only for a dangerous condition it knew or should have known about — and pleading a slip and fall as ordinary negligence instead of a premises defect is a mistake Texas courts do not forgive.
• The Texas DTPA — mandatory attorney's fees, treble damages, and a 60-day letter you cannot skipTex. Bus. & Com. Code §§ 17.41–17.63, 17.46(b), 17.50, 17.505, 17.565A winning consumer recovers attorney's fees as a matter of right, and knowing conduct trebles the economic damages. But you must be a consumer, you must send written notice 60 days before suit, and a groundless claim can cost you the other side's fees.
• Fraud in Texas — inducement, nondisclosure, and the disclaimer clause that kills the claimTex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 16.004(a)(4), 41.003, 41.008; PJC 105.2Four years to sue, with the discovery rule built in. Fraud opens the door to punitive damages that breach of contract never does — but a properly worded disclaimer of reliance can end the claim before the facts are reached.
• Statutory fraud in Texas real estate and stock deals — § 27.01, and why it beats common-law fraudTex. Bus. & Com. Code § 27.01; Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 16.004(a)(4); PJC 105.7For actual damages, Business and Commerce Code § 27.01 does not make you prove the seller knew the statement was false. It also pays your attorney's fees and expert costs — which common-law fraud never does.
• Breach of fiduciary duty in Texas — forfeiture without loss, and the anti-fracturing ruleTex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 16.004(a)(5), 41.003; PJC 104.2Four years to sue. A Texas court can order a disloyal fiduciary to forfeit every fee it was paid even if you lost no money — and courts will recast the claim as contract or malpractice if the relationship was not truly fiduciary.
• Negligent misrepresentation in Texas — out-of-pocket only, and the economic loss rule that bars itTex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 16.003(a); Restatement (Second) of Torts § 552; PJC 105.4Two years to sue, not four. Damages are out-of-pocket only — no lost profits. And where a contract governs the same subject, the economic loss rule usually ends the claim before trial.
• Conversion in Texas — when money can be converted, and why it is pleaded with the Theft Liability ActTex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 16.003(a), 41.003, 134.005Two years to sue. Conversion pays fair market value but no attorney's fees, which is why almost every conversion petition in Texas also pleads the Theft Liability Act — a statute whose fee award runs both ways.
• The Texas Theft Liability Act — mandatory fees that run both waysTex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 134.002, 134.003, 134.005; § 16.003(a)Chapter 134 turns a Penal Code theft into a civil claim and awards attorney's fees to whoever prevails — plaintiff or defendant. Two years to sue, and a losing claimant pays the other side's lawyer.
• Quantum meruit in Texas — with unjust enrichment and money had and receivedTex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 16.004, 38.001(b)(1); Vortt Exploration Co. v. Chevron U.S.A., Inc., 787 S.W.2d 942 (Tex. 1990)The claim for work you did without a contract to cover it. Quantum meruit pays the reasonable value and carries attorney's fees; unjust enrichment does not, and Texas courts still disagree about whether it is a claim at all.
• Insurance bad faith in Texas — chapters 541, 542 and the 542A rules for storm claimsTex. Ins. Code §§ 541.060, 541.152, 541.162, 542.055–.060, 542A.003, 542A.007Two years to sue. A knowing violation trebles damages and the Insurance Code pays your fees — but for hail, wind and hurricane claims, chapter 542A cuts the penalty interest, adds a 61-day notice, and can wipe out the fee award entirely.
• Tortious interference in Texas — existing contracts and prospective relationsPrudential Ins. Co. v. Financial Review Servs., Inc., 29 S.W.3d 74 (Tex. 2000); Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. v. Sturges, 52 S.W.3d 711 (Tex. 2001); PJC 106.1Two years to sue, no attorney's fees. Interfering with a signed contract is actionable on intent alone; interfering with a deal that had not closed requires an independently unlawful act, which is a much higher bar.
• Defamation in Texas — one year to sue, a retraction request first, and the anti-SLAPP motion waitingTex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 16.002(a), 73.001, 73.055, 27.003, 27.009; PJC 110.1One year from publication — the shortest deadline in Texas civil law. You must request a correction before you can maintain the suit, and if the case touches protected speech the TCPA can dismiss it and make you pay the defendant's fees.
• Medical malpractice in Texas — the 120-day expert report that decides the caseTex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 74.051, 74.251, 74.301, 74.351Two years to sue, a 10-year outer limit, a 60-day notice with a records authorization, and an expert report due 120 days after each defendant answers. Miss the report and the case is dismissed with prejudice and you pay the defendant's fees.
• Wrongful death and survival claims in Texas — who may sue, and the three-month ruleTex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 71.002, 71.004, 71.009, 71.021; § 16.003(b)Only a spouse, child or parent may bring a Texas wrongful death claim — siblings cannot. The estate brings the separate survival claim for what the decedent suffered. Two years, and if no beneficiary sues within three months the executor must.
• Employment discrimination and retaliation in Texas — the 180-day charge that ends most claimsTex. Lab. Code §§ 21.202, 21.254, 21.256, 21.2585, 21.259, 451.001; Sabine Pilot Serv., Inc. v. Hauck, 687 S.W.2d 733 (Tex. 1985)A TCHRA claim dies if you do not file an administrative charge within 180 days. Damages are capped by employer headcount, fees run both ways, and the two common-law retaliation claims — Sabine Pilot and workers' comp — have different rules again.
• Products liability in Texas — the safer alternative design, and why you usually cannot sue the storeTex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 16.003(a), 16.012, 82.002, 82.003, 82.005, 82.008; PJC 71.3Two years to sue and a 15-year repose from the date of sale. A design defect claim fails without proof of a safer alternative design, and CPRC § 82.003 shields the retailer who merely sold the product.
• The Texas Debt Collection Act — the statute that reaches the original creditorTex. Fin. Code ch. 392, §§ 392.301–392.306, 392.401, 392.403, 392.404The TDCA covers the company you owe, not just the collection agency — a reach the federal law does not have. A violation is a deceptive trade practice by statute, which imports the DTPA's treble damages and mandatory fees.
• Breach of warranty on goods in Texas — express, merchantability, and fitnessTex. Bus. & Com. Code §§ 2.313, 2.314, 2.315, 2.316, 2.607, 2.725Four years from delivery, not from when the product failed — and an "as is" clause can wipe out the implied warranties entirely. Notice to the seller within a reasonable time is a condition of the claim.
• Construction defects in Texas — the workmanlike warranty and the RCLA notice you cannot skipTex. Prop. Code ch. 27; Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 16.004, 16.008, 16.009; Melody Home Mfg. Co. v. Barnes, 741 S.W.2d 349 (Tex. 1987)A builder owes an implied warranty to work in a good and workmanlike manner. Before you sue over a residential defect, the RCLA requires 60 days' written notice and an inspection window — and rejecting a reasonable repair offer caps what you can recover.
• Eviction in Texas — the notice to vacate, the five-day appeal, and what a tenant can counter withTex. Prop. Code ch. 24, §§ 24.005, 24.006; ch. 92, §§ 92.0081, 92.0563, 92.109, 92.331; Tex. R. Civ. P. 500–510An eviction suit decides possession and nothing else. Three days' notice to vacate unless the lease says otherwise, five days to appeal, and separate statutory penalties for a wrongful lockout, a withheld deposit, or unmade repairs.
• Wrongful foreclosure in Texas — the grossly inadequate price requirementTex. Prop. Code §§ 51.002, 51.007; Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 16.003(a), 16.051A defect in the foreclosure sale is not enough on its own. Texas requires a grossly inadequate selling price as well — and a homeowner who wants the sale set aside generally has to tender what is owed.
• Trespass to try title and quiet title in Texas — and why you cannot relabel one to get feesTex. Prop. Code ch. 22, § 22.001; Tex. R. Civ. P. 783–809; Brumley v. McDuff, 616 S.W.3d 826 (Tex. 2021)Trespass to try title is the method for deciding who owns Texas land, and it carries no attorney's fees. Brumley v. McDuff holds you cannot turn a title dispute into a declaratory judgment action to reach them.
• Adverse possession in Texas — the three, five, ten and twenty-five year periodsTex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 16.021–16.028, 16.0265, 16.034Four statutory periods, each with different requirements. Ten years of use alone can do it — capped at 160 acres without a title instrument — but permission from the owner defeats the claim at any length.
• Trespass to real property in Texas — nominal damages, and intent to enter rather than to harmTex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 16.003(a), 41.003, 41.008Two years to sue. You do not have to prove a dollar of loss — nominal damages are available for the entry alone — and the defendant does not have to know the land was yours.
• Private nuisance in Texas — an injury, not a tort, after CrosstexTex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 16.003(a), 41.003, 41.008; Crosstex North Texas Pipeline, L.P. v. Gardiner, 505 S.W.3d 580 (Tex. 2016)Since Crosstex, nuisance in Texas is a type of injury rather than a cause of action — you still have to prove intent, negligence, or an abnormally dangerous activity. Two years to sue, and whether the nuisance is permanent or temporary decides both damages and the deadline.
• Suing a city, county or state agency in Texas — the Tort Claims ActTex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 101.021, 101.023, 101.024, 101.101, 101.106Six months to give notice, and a city ordinance can cut that to 90 or 60 days. The waiver covers vehicles and property conditions only, damages are capped, and suing the employee instead of the government forfeits the claim against the government.
• Civil conspiracy in Texas — a theory of liability, with the underlying tort's deadlineAgar Corp., Inc. v. Electro Circuits International, LLC, 580 S.W.3d 136 (Tex. 2019); Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 16.003(a), 16.004Conspiracy is not an independent tort in Texas. It spreads liability for someone else's wrong — and since Agar Corp. in 2019 it borrows the limitations period of the underlying tort rather than running on a flat two years.
• Trade secret misappropriation in Texas — TUTSA, and what it displacesTex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 134A.002–134A.007, 16.010Three years from discovery. TUTSA displaces the conversion and unjust enrichment claims you would otherwise plead on the same facts, but leaves contract claims alone — and fees are available only for bad faith or wilful misappropriation.
• Legal malpractice in Texas — the suit within a suit, and the Hughes tolling ruleCosgrove v. Grimes, 774 S.W.2d 662 (Tex. 1989); Hughes v. Mahaney & Higgins, 821 S.W.2d 154 (Tex. 1991); Peeler v. Hughes & Luce, 909 S.W.2d 494 (Tex. 1995); Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 16.003(a)Two years to sue, but the clock is tolled while the underlying case is on appeal. You have to prove you would have won the case your lawyer lost — and the anti-fracturing rule stops you from repackaging negligence as fraud or DTPA.
• Civil assault and battery in Texas — and the five and thirty-year deadlines people missTex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 16.003(a), 16.0045, 41.008(c); Tex. Penal Code § 22.01Two years for an ordinary assault — but five years for sexual assault and thirty for the child sexual offenses listed in CPRC § 16.0045. No criminal conviction is required, and the exemplary damages cap lifts for felony conduct.
• Intentional infliction of emotional distress in Texas — the gap-filler that usually has no gapHoffmann-La Roche Inc. v. Zeltwanger, 144 S.W.3d 438 (Tex. 2004); Creditwatch, Inc. v. Jackson, 157 S.W.3d 814 (Tex. 2005); Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 16.003(a)Texas treats IIED as a last resort. If another tort or statute covers the conduct — defamation, assault, discrimination — the claim is dismissed, even if you never pleaded the other one or lost on it.
• Negligent hiring, supervision and retention in Texas — what Werner left of itWerner Enterprises, Inc. v. Blake, No. 23-0493 (Tex. June 27, 2025); Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 16.003(a), 41.005, 41.008In 2025 the Texas Supreme Court held an employer cannot be liable on derivative or direct theories where the employee's conduct was not a proximate cause. That reaches negligent hiring claims that used to survive a failed respondeat superior claim.
• Promissory estoppel in Texas — reliance damages, and only where there is no contractTex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 16.051, 38.001; English v. Fischer, 660 S.W.2d 521 (Tex. 1983)Four years to sue. Promissory estoppel pays what you spent relying on a promise, not what the promise was worth — and it is unavailable where a valid contract already covers the same ground.
• Fraudulent transfer in Texas — TUFTA, the badges of fraud, and a deadline that extinguishesTex. Bus. & Com. Code ch. 24, §§ 24.005, 24.006, 24.008, 24.009, 24.010, 24.013A creditor can undo a transfer made to put assets out of reach. Constructive fraud needs no bad intent at all — and the four-year deadline extinguishes the claim rather than merely barring it.
• Dram shop liability in Texas — obvious intoxication, and the training safe harbourTex. Alco. Bev. Code §§ 2.02, 2.03, 106.14; Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 16.003(a), 33.001A Texas bar is liable only if it was apparent the customer was "obviously intoxicated" to the point of presenting a clear danger. And an employer that requires TABC-approved seller training can escape liability for its employee's sale entirely.
• Declaratory judgment in Texas — the fee provision, and the limits on using it to get oneTex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 37.003, 37.004, 37.006, 37.009; Brumley v. McDuff, 616 S.W.3d 826 (Tex. 2021)Chapter 37 lets a court declare rights before anyone sues for damages, and § 37.009 allows fees to either party. But Texas will not let a declaratory claim be tacked onto a damages suit purely to reach those fees.
• Breach of guaranty in Texas — suing the person who promised to pay someone else's debtTex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 16.004(a)(3), 38.001(b)(8), 38.002; Tex. Bus. & Com. Code § 26.01(b)(2)Four years to sue, attorney's fees on a written guaranty, and one distinction that decides everything: a guaranty of payment lets the lender skip the borrower entirely and sue you first.
• Property owners' association disputes in Texas — the notice the HOA has to send firstTex. Prop. Code §§ 209.006, 209.007, 209.008, 209.0092; Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 16.051Before an HOA can fine you, suspend your pool key, or sue, Property Code chapter 209 makes it send a certified-mail notice, name a cure date, and hold a hearing if you ask within 30 days. Skip a step and its attorney's fees go with it.
• Malicious prosecution in Texas — one year to sue, and the civil form needs special injuryTex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 16.002(a); Kroger Texas Ltd. Partnership v. Suberu, 216 S.W.3d 788 (Tex. 2006); Texas Beef Cattle Co. v. Green, 921 S.W.2d 203 (Tex. 1996)One year, not two. And winning the baseless lawsuit filed against you is not enough — the civil form of the claim requires an interference with your person or property, which defence costs and inconvenience do not supply.
• False imprisonment in Texas — two years, and the shopkeeper's privilege usually decides itTex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 16.003(a), 124.001, 124.002Two years to sue, not one. Three elements. And a store that reasonably believed you were shoplifting is privileged to detain you — so the case turns on whether the manner and the length of the detention were reasonable.
• Invasion of privacy in Texas — three branches, and the one Texas threw outBillings v. Atkinson, 489 S.W.2d 858 (Tex. 1973); Industrial Foundation of the South v. Texas Industrial Accident Board, 540 S.W.2d 668 (Tex. 1976); Cain v. Hearst Corp., 878 S.W.2d 577 (Tex. 1994); Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 16.003(a)Texas recognises intrusion on seclusion, public disclosure of private facts, and misappropriation of name or likeness. It rejected false light in 1994. Two years to sue, no attorney's fees, and truth is no defence to the disclosure branch.
• Dog bites and animal attacks in Texas — no bite statute, two theories, and a farm-animal immunityMarshall v. Ranne, 511 S.W.2d 255 (Tex. 1974); Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 16.003(a), 87.003, 87.004; Tex. Health & Safety Code §§ 822.005, 822.042Texas has no dog-bite statute. Strict liability requires knowledge of a dangerous propensity; ordinary negligence does not. Two years to sue — and if the animal was livestock, chapter 87 may bar the claim outright.
• Partition of real property in Texas — an absolute right, unless the land is heirs' propertyTex. Prop. Code §§ 23.001, 23A.003, 23A.006, 23A.007, 23A.008; Tex. R. Civ. P. 756–771Any co-owner can force a partition, and no deadline applies while the co-tenancy lasts. But if the tract is heirs' property, chapter 23A takes over: court-ordered appraisal, a 45-day buyout right, and an open-market sale instead of a courthouse auction.
• Usury in Texas — the ceilings, the penalties, and the 61-day notice you have to send firstTex. Fin. Code §§ 302.001, 303.009, 305.001, 305.002, 305.005, 305.006Four years to sue, three times the excess interest, and a mandatory 61-day pre-suit notice that gives the lender 60 days to cure and walk away clean. The base ceiling is 10 percent; the market ceilings run 18 to 28.
• Business disparagement in Texas — defamation's harder cousinWaste Management of Texas, Inc. v. Texas Disposal Systems Landfill, Inc., 434 S.W.3d 142 (Tex. 2014); Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 16.003(a)Two years to sue. The plaintiff proves falsity, must prove malice, and recovers only special damages it can trace to specific lost business. Defamation protects reputation; this claim protects money, and it is far harder to win.
• Inverse condemnation in Texas — a taking the government never filed papers forTex. Const. art. I, § 17; Steele v. City of Houston, 603 S.W.2d 786 (Tex. 1980); City of Dallas v. Jennings, 142 S.W.3d 310 (Tex. 2004); Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 16.003(a), 16.026A constitutional claim, not a tort. No six-month Tort Claims Act notice, no damages caps — but the government's act must have been intentional, and negligence is never a taking.
• Bailment in Texas — you left it with them, and the burden shifts to themState v. $281,420.00 in U.S. Currency, 312 S.W.3d 547 (Tex. 2010); Buchanan v. Byrd, 519 S.W.2d 841 (Tex. 1975); Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 16.003(a), 16.004, 38.001(b)(8)Prove you delivered the property in good condition and it came back damaged or not at all, and a presumption of negligence arises against the bailee. Four years in contract, two in tort — and the theory you plead decides both the deadline and the fees.
• Piercing the corporate veil in Texas — alter ego is not enough on a contractTex. Bus. Orgs. Code §§ 21.223, 21.224, 21.225, 101.002; Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 16.003(a), 16.004For a contract debt, Business Organizations Code § 21.223 requires actual fraud for the owner's direct personal benefit — alter ego, undercapitalisation and ignored formalities will not do it. For a tort, the statute does not apply.
• Fraudulent lien or claim against property in Texas — a $10,000 floor and mandatory feesTex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 12.002, 12.003, 12.006; Tex. Gov't Code § 51.901(c)Chapter 12 sets a floor of $10,000 even where the actual damage is small, and adds court costs, attorney's fees and exemplary damages. The document does not have to be recorded — making, presenting or using it is enough.
• Civil stalking in Texas — chapter 85, and the police report the statute requiresTex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 85.001, 85.002, 85.003, 85.004, 85.005; § 16.003(a)Chapter 85 gives a stalking victim actual and exemplary damages — but only on proof of a violated restraining order, or a threat the victim demanded stop and then reported to police as a stalking offence. No attorney's fees.
• Human trafficking and compelled prostitution in Texas — chapters 98 and 98ATex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 98.002, 98.0025, 98.003, 98.005, 98.007, 98A.002, 98A.003, 16.0045Damages, court costs and attorney's fees are mandatory. Anyone who knowingly benefited from the venture is jointly liable for the whole judgment, shareholders included — and the deadline runs 5 years, or 30 for a child.
• Unlawful disclosure of intimate visual material in Texas — chapter 98B, rewritten for AI in 2025Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 98B.002, 98B.0021, 98B.0022, 98B.003, 98B.004, 98B.009Ten years to sue, not two — chapter 98B got its own limitations period in 2025. The same amendments added liability for AI-generated material, and a 72-hour takedown duty for the websites and apps that host it.
• Online impersonation in Texas — chapter 98C, effective September 1, 2025Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 98C.001, 98C.003, 98C.004, 98C.005, 98C.006A brand-new claim for fake accounts on social media platforms. Exemplary damages of at least $500, the impersonator's profits in the calculation, and a mandatory fee award that runs both ways — including against you if you lose.
• Harmful access by computer in Texas — chapter 143, and why it beats the federal statuteTex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 143.001, 143.002; Tex. Penal Code ch. 33Actual damages plus mandatory attorney's fees, with no dollar threshold to clear — where the federal Computer Fraud and Abuse Act requires $5,000 in loss. The deadline is unusual: the earlier of five years from the last act or two from discovery.
• Texas racketeering, chapter 140B — a private plaintiff cannot bring this claimTex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 140B.101, 140B.102, 140B.107, 140B.113, 140B.151Texas has no civil RICO for private parties. Chapter 140B reserves every remedy to the attorney general and local prosecutors. If you were defrauded by an organised scheme, the claims that pay you are fraud, theft, conspiracy and fraudulent transfer.
• Common nuisance abatement in Texas — the statute that lets a neighbour close a drug houseTex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code §§ 125.0015, 125.002, 125.003, 125.004, 125.005Chapter 125 lets an individual — not just a prosecutor — sue to shut down a property used for listed crimes. No personal injury need be shown, proof of frequent activity is prima facie evidence, and a judgment closes the place for a year.
• Shareholder oppression in Texas — the claim the Supreme Court abolished, and what replaced itRitchie v. Rupe, 443 S.W.3d 856 (Tex. 2014); Tex. Bus. Orgs. Code §§ 11.404, 11.405; Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 16.004(a)(5)Since Ritchie v. Rupe in 2014 there is no common-law oppression claim in Texas and no court-ordered buyout. What a frozen-out minority owner has instead is breach of fiduciary duty, a derivative suit, a rehabilitative receiver, and whatever the shareholder agreement says.
• Surface water diversion in Texas — strict liability under Water Code § 11.086Tex. Water Code § 11.086; Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 16.003(a)Your neighbour's new driveway sends the rain onto your land. Water Code § 11.086 makes that strictly liable — no negligence required — but only for diffused surface water, never for water already in a watercourse.