§ 1862.Written Words Control Over Inconsistent Printed Form
Title 1. Of the General Principles of Evidence · Enacted 1872 · no amendments on record · Last verified July 29, 2026
Full Text of § 1862
Plain-English Summary
Many instruments combine a preprinted form with blanks the parties fill in by hand or by typewriter, and this section resolves the conflict when those two parts do not line up. The words the parties themselves added, rather than the boilerplate printed in advance, control whenever the two are inconsistent.
The reasoning tracks ordinary expectation: printed form language is drafted in advance for general use, while the written additions reflect what these particular parties chose to say about their own deal. Giving the written words priority keeps the instrument's meaning tied to the parties' actual choices rather than to language they may not have focused on at all.
Frequently Asked Questions
What happens when an instrument's written and printed portions conflict?
The written words control over the inconsistent printed form language.
Why do written terms take priority over the printed form?
Because the written portions reflect the specific choices these parties made, while the printed form is generic boilerplate drafted in advance.
Does this rule apply to typed additions as well as handwritten ones?
The principle applies to the parties' own added language as distinguished from the preprinted form, regardless of how that added language was produced.
Amendment History
Enacted 1872.