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§ 1297.11.Applicability of Title Generally

Title 9.3. Arbitration and Conciliation of International Commercial Disputes · Chapter 1. Application and Interpretation · Article 1. Scope of Application · Enacted 1988 · no amendments on record · Last verified July 29, 2026

In one sentenceSection 1297.11 makes this title apply to international commercial arbitration and conciliation, subject to any treaty in force between the United States and another country.

Full Text of § 1297.11

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This title applies to international commercial arbitration and conciliation, subject to any agreement which is in force between the United States and any other state or states.

Plain-English Summary

This opening section marks the outer boundary of the whole title: it governs international commercial arbitration and conciliation, a distinct track from the ordinary domestic arbitration statute covered elsewhere in this part. Later sections narrow down exactly what counts as "international" and what counts as "commercial," but this is the section that first announces the subject matter.

That subject matter yields to federal treaty obligations. Where an agreement between the United States and another country addresses the same ground, this title operates subject to that agreement, so a conflicting treaty provision takes priority over anything this title says.

Frequently Asked Questions

What kind of arbitration does this title govern?

International commercial arbitration and conciliation, as distinguished from the general domestic arbitration statute.

Does a treaty between the United States and another country override this title?

Yes. Section 1297.11 makes this title's application subject to any agreement in force between the United States and another state.

Amendment History

Added by Stats. 1988, Ch. 23, Sec. 1. Effective March 7, 1988.

Source & verification. Section text is reproduced verbatim from the Deering's California Codes Annotated / vLex. Enacted by the California Legislature. Last verified July 29, 2026. · Official source
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