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§ 1260.120.Orders Upon Hearing and Determining Objections

Title 7. Eminent Domain Law · Chapter 8. Procedures for Determining Right to Take and Compensation · Article 2. Contesting Right to Take · Enacted 1975 · no amendments on record · Last verified July 29, 2026

In one sentenceSection 1260.120 requires the court to decide every objection to the plaintiff's right to take, ordering acquisition if the plaintiff has the right, and otherwise ordering immediate or conditional dismissal of the proceeding as to that property, with conditional dismissal potentially requiring the plaintiff to pay the defendant's litigation expenses.

Full Text of § 1260.120

Text sizeJump to: (a) (b) (c)

(a) The court shall hear and determine all objections to the right to take.
(b) If the court determines that the plaintiff has the right to acquire by eminent domain the property described in the complaint, the court shall so order.
(c) If the court determines that the plaintiff does not have the right to acquire by eminent domain any property described in the complaint, it shall order either of the following:
(1) Immediate dismissal of the proceeding as to that property.
(2) Conditional dismissal of the proceeding as to that property unless such corrective and remedial action as the court may prescribe has been taken within the period prescribed by the court in the order. An order made under this paragraph may impose such limitations and conditions as the court determines to be just under the circumstances of the particular case including the requirement that the plaintiff pay to the defendant all or part of the reasonable litigation expenses necessarily incurred by the defendant because of the plaintiff's failure or omission which constituted the basis of the objection to the right to take.

Plain-English Summary

This is where a right-to-take objection gets decided -- as distinct from the earlier pleading-stage objection under Article 5 of Chapter 5, which raises the issue, and § 1260.110, which sets the order in which it gets tried. Subdivision (a) requires the court to hear and determine every objection raised. If the court finds the plaintiff does have the right to acquire the property described in the complaint, it orders the acquisition to proceed.

If the court finds the plaintiff doesn't have that right as to some or all of the property, it has two options. It can order immediate dismissal of the proceeding as to that property, ending the case on that piece outright. Or it can order a conditional dismissal -- giving the plaintiff a prescribed period to take whatever corrective or remedial action the court specifies, with dismissal following only if the plaintiff fails to act within that time.

A conditional-dismissal order can come with real financial consequences. The court may impose whatever limitations and conditions it finds just under the circumstances, including requiring the plaintiff to pay the defendant some or all of the reasonable litigation expenses the defendant incurred because of the very failure or omission that gave rise to the objection. That expense-shifting consequence connects directly to § 1268.610 and § 1268.620, which govern litigation expenses when a proceeding is dismissed or the plaintiff is found unable to acquire the property.

Frequently Asked Questions

What must the court do with objections to the right to take?

Hear and determine all of them, under § 1260.120(a).

What happens if the plaintiff has the right to acquire the property?

The court orders that the plaintiff has the right to acquire the property described in the complaint.

What happens if the plaintiff does not have the right to take?

The court orders either immediate dismissal of the proceeding as to that property, or a conditional dismissal that becomes final unless the plaintiff takes corrective or remedial action within a period the court prescribes.

Can the defendant recover litigation expenses if the plaintiff loses on the right to take?

Yes. A conditional dismissal order can require the plaintiff to pay the defendant's reasonable litigation expenses caused by the plaintiff's failure or omission that formed the basis for the objection.

How is this different from the earlier objection procedure in Chapter 5?

Article 5 of Chapter 5 (§§ 1250.350-1250.370) lets a defendant raise the objection in the pleadings; this section is where the court hears and rules on that objection at trial.

Amendment History

Added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 1275.

Source & verification. Section text is reproduced verbatim from the Deering's California Codes Annotated / vLex. Enacted by the California Legislature. Last verified July 29, 2026. · Official source
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