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§ 8.01-325.Return by person serving process.

Chapter 8. Process · Article 4. Who to Be Served · Last amended 2020 · Last verified July 16, 2026

In one sentenceSection 8.01-325 requires the person who served process to return proof to the clerk within seventy-two hours of service, stating the date, manner, and party served, with different proof requirements for a sheriff’s return versus a private process server’s affidavit, and permits the clerk to accept a certified copy in place of the original.

Full Text of § 8.01-325

Text sizeJump to: (A) (B) (C)

A. Unless otherwise directed by the court, the person serving process shall make return thereof to the clerk's office within seventy-two hours of service, except when such return would be due on a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday. In such case, the return is due on the next day following such Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday. The process shall state thereon the date and manner of service and the name of the party served.
B. Proof of service shall be in the following manner:
1. If service by sheriff, the form of the return of such sheriff as provided by the Rules of the Supreme Court; or
2. If service by any other person qualified under § 8.01-293, whether service made in or out of the Commonwealth, his affidavit of such qualifications; the date and manner of service and the name of the party served; and stamped,
typed, or printed on the return of process, an annotation that the service was by a private server, and the name, address, and telephone number of the server; or
3. In case of service by publication, the affidavit of the publisher or his agent giving the dates of publication and an accompanying copy of the published order.
C. The clerk's office shall accept a photocopy, facsimile, or other copy of the original proof of service as if it were an original, provided that the proponent provides a statement that any such copy is a true copy of the original.

Plain-English Summary

Section 8.01-325 closes the loop on service by requiring the person who served process to document it promptly. Subsection A sets a seventy-two-hour deadline for returning proof of service to the clerk’s office, unless the court directs otherwise, extended to the next business day when the deadline would fall on a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday. The process itself must state the date and manner of service and the name of the party served.

Subsection B tailors the proof requirement to who made the service. A sheriff uses the return form the Rules of the Supreme Court prescribe. Anyone else qualified under § 8.01-293, whether serving inside or outside Virginia, files an affidavit covering his qualifications, the date and manner of service, and the party served, with a stamped, typed, or printed annotation that the service was made by a private server, along with that server’s name, address, and telephone number. Service completed by publication is proven by the publisher’s or his agent’s affidavit stating the dates of publication, accompanied by a copy of the published order.

Subsection C gives clerks flexibility in accepting that proof: a photocopy, facsimile, or other copy of the original proof of service is accepted as if it were the original, as long as the person offering it states that the copy is true to the original.

Frequently Asked Questions

How quickly must proof of service be returned to the clerk?

Within seventy-two hours of service, unless the court directs otherwise, or by the next day if the deadline would fall on a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday.

What must the return show?

The date and manner of service and the name of the party served.

How does proof of service differ for a sheriff versus a private process server?

A sheriff uses the return form set by the Rules of the Supreme Court; a private server qualified under § 8.01-293 files an affidavit of his qualifications, the date, manner, and party served, annotated to show private-server service along with his name, address, and phone number.

How is service by publication proven?

By the publisher’s or his agent’s affidavit giving the dates of publication, along with a copy of the published order.

Can the clerk’s office accept a copy instead of the original proof of service?

Yes. A photocopy, facsimile, or other copy is accepted as if it were the original, provided the person offering it states that it is a true copy.

Amendment History

Code 1950, §§ 8-52, 8-329; 1977, c. 617; 1996, c. 538; 2020, c. 158.

Source & verification. Section text and amendment history are reproduced verbatim from the Code of Virginia, published by the Code of Virginia, Virginia Division of Legislative Automated Systems. Last verified July 16, 2026. · Official source
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