Rule 64A.Notice to defendant of right to claim exemption from garnishment.
Last amended July 6, 2017 · Last verified July 6, 2026
Full Text of Rule 64A
Amendment History
[Adopted 6-18-85; Amended 11-6-85, eff. 11-15-85; Amended 4-7-86, eff. 4-15-86; Amended eff. 10-1-95; Amended 7-22-2010, eff. 10-1-10; Amended eff. 4-7-2017; Amended eff. 7-6-2017.]
Committee Comments
Committee Comments on 1985 Adoption
The decision in Green v. Harbin, Civil Action No. 82-C-5598-NE, pending in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama, as of the time of this committee’s proposal regarding this rule was submitted to the Supreme Court makes it necessary to modify the procedure for giving notice to a defendant in most garnishment proceedings. The expanded notice is not necessary in proceedings to collect child or spousal support. The extremely limited rights of exemption in such instances caused these proceedings to be excluded from the requirements of Green v. Harbin. This rule requires that the service of the notice take place contemporaneously with the service of the process of garnishment. This revision is not limited in applicability to residents of Alabama, as was its predecessor, since the order in Green v. Harbin requires notice of rights to exemptions under federal as well as state law and thus, a non-resident with federal exemptions only is potentially among persons entitled to notice.
Committee Comments to Amendment Effective November 15, 1985
The November 15, 1985, amendment added the last sentence to the second paragraph of the notice, in order to give some additional specific examples of benefits and payments which may be exempt from garnishment.
Committee Comments to October 1, 1995, Amendment to Rule 64A
The amendment is technical. No substantive change is intended.
Committee Comments to Amendment to Rule 64A
Effective October 1, 2010
This amendment added language to provide specifically for service of the notice of garnishment on the defendant at least five days before judgment is issued against the garnishee. This change is in accordance with the provisions of § 6-6- 394, Code of Alabama 1975, which this rule replaced. The five-day period allows the defendant time to contest the garnishment or to file a claim of exemption before any order of condemnation issues.
Committee Comments to Amendments to Rule 64A
and Form 92 Effective April 7, 2017
In 2015, the Alabama Legislature amended ' 6-10-6, Code of Alabama 1975, to increase the maximum dollar amount of personal property exempt from execution from $3,000 to $7,500. The amendments incorporate this change.
Committee Comments to Rule 64A Effective December 2, 2022
Rule 64A should be read in conjunction with Act No. 2022-397, Ala. Acts 2022, effective July 1, 2022, and codified at § 6-6-394.1, Ala. Code1975. That statute provides procedures for serving notice of a garnishment by posting and mailing when other service methods on a defendant who has not appeared have failed.
District Court Committee Comments
The addition of subparagraph (dc) confirms, in compliance with Rule 1(a), Ala. R. Civ. P., that this rule is applicable in the district courts.
Note from the reporter of decisions: The order amending Rule 64A and Rule 64B, Alabama Rules of Civil Procedure, effective October 1, 2010, and adopting the Committee Comments to Amendment to Rule 64A Effective October 1, 2010, the District Court Committee Comments to Rule 64A, and the District Court Committee Comments to Rule 64B is published in that volume of Alabama Reporter that contains Alabama cases from 40 So. 3d.
Note from the reporter of decisions: The order amending Rule 64A and Form 92, effective April 7, 2017, is published in that volume of Alabama Reporter that contains Alabama cases from ___ So. 3d.
Note from the reporter of decisions: The order amending Rule 64A, effective July 6, 2017, is published in that volume of Alabama Reporter that contains Alabama cases from ___ So. 3d.
Note from the reporter of decisions: The order adopting the Committee Comments to Rule 64A, Alabama Rules of Civil Procedure, effective December 2, 2022, is published in that volume of Alabama Reporter that contains Alabama cases from ___ So. 3d.
Plain-English Summary
Garnishment lets a judgment creditor reach a defendant's wages, bank accounts, or other property held by a third party, called the garnishee, to satisfy a judgment. Rule 64A protects defendants who have not appeared in the underlying case by requiring that they receive direct notice whenever a garnishment is issued against them. That notice must go out at the same time process is served on the garnishee, and it must reach the defendant at least five days before any judgment can be entered against the garnishee.
The notice itself must identify the parties, the court where the action is pending, and the case number, so the defendant can find and respond to the proceeding. Except in cases collecting child or spousal support, where the rule recognizes that exemption rights are far more limited, the notice must also include a detailed statement explaining the defendant's possible right to claim an exemption from garnishment. That statement walks the defendant through the basics: some money and property, such as a set dollar amount of personal property and certain federal benefits like Social Security or unemployment payments, may be protected from garnishment depending on the circumstances.
The required statement tells the defendant exactly what to do to preserve those rights: prepare a written, notarized claim of exemption listing all wages and property, file it with the clerk, and mail or deliver a copy to the plaintiff, noting on the filed claim how and when that copy was sent. It also explains what happens next — the plaintiff has roughly ten days to contest the claim, and if no contest is filed, the claimed property is released from the garnishment. If the defendant does nothing, the property may be turned over to the court and paid to the plaintiff. The statement closes by urging the defendant to act quickly and consult a lawyer with any questions, since the clerk cannot give legal advice.
Frequently Asked Questions
Who is entitled to notice under Rule 64A?
A defendant against whom a garnishment is issued but who has not yet appeared in the underlying action is entitled to notice, served at the same time the garnishee is served with process.
How much advance notice must the defendant receive before judgment against the garnishee?
The notice must be served on the defendant at least five days before judgment is entered against the garnishee, giving the defendant time to contest the garnishment or file a claim of exemption first.
Does the notice requirement apply to child support or spousal support collection?
The basic notice identifying the parties, court, and case number still applies, but the detailed statement explaining exemption rights is not required in proceedings to collect child or spousal support.
What must a defendant do to claim property as exempt from garnishment?
The defendant must prepare a written, notarized claim of exemption listing all wages and personal property, file it with the clerk, and mail or deliver a copy to the plaintiff, noting on the filed claim when and how that copy was sent.
What happens if the defendant files a claim of exemption and the plaintiff does not contest it?
If the plaintiff does not file a timely contest, the property the defendant claimed as exempt is released from the garnishment.
What happens if the defendant never files a claim of exemption?
Without a claim of exemption, the defendant's property subject to the garnishment may be turned over to the court and ultimately paid to the plaintiff on the underlying judgment.