As used in this Chapter, the following terms shall have the following meanings: ‘‘Mediation,’’ the confidential process by which a neutral mediator assists the parties in attempting to reach a mutually acceptable agreement on issues aris- ing in a custody action. Mediation is not a court proceeding; rather, it is an independent, non-record proceeding in lieu of court involvement for the pur- pose of assisting the parties to address the child’s best interest. An agreement reached by the parties must be based on the voluntary decisions of the parties and not the decision of the mediator. The agreement may resolve all or only some of the disputed issues. The parties are required to mediate in good faith but are not compelled to reach an agreement. While mediation is an alternative means of conflict resolution, it is not a substitute for the benefit of legal advice. The participants in mediation shall be limited to the parties to the custody action, primarily the child’s parents and persons acting as parents. Except as provided in Pa.R.C.P. No. 1940.5(c), non-parties, including children, grandpar- ents, and the parties’ attorneys, shall not participate in the mediation.
Rule 1940.2.Definitions.
Last amended February 8, 2018 · Last verified June 30, 2026
In one sentenceRule 1940.2 defines the terms for custody mediation, including mediation itself as a confidential process led by a neutral mediator.
Full Text of Rule 1940.2
Plain-English Summary
This rule sets the vocabulary of custody mediation. It defines mediation as the confidential process by which a neutral mediator helps the parents try to reach their own agreement, and defines the related terms the chapter uses. The emphasis on confidentiality and neutrality frames how the rest of the chapter works.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is custody mediation?
A confidential process in which a neutral mediator helps the parents try to reach their own custody agreement.
Official Note
Official Note: See Pa.R.C.P. No. 1915.1 for the definition of a person acting as a parent. ‘‘Memorandum of Understanding,’’ the written document prepared by a mediator that contains and summarizes the resolution reached by the parties during mediation. A Memorandum of Understanding is primarily for the ben- efit of the parties and is not legally binding on either party. ‘‘Orientation Session,’’ the initial process of educating the parties on the mediation process so that they can make an informed choice about continued participation in mediation. This process may be mandated by the court and may be structured to include either group or individual sessions. An orientation ses- sion may also include an educational program for parents and children on the process of divorce and separation and the benefits of mediation in resolving custody disputes.
Amendment History
The provisions of this Rule 1940.2 amended February 8, 2018, effective April 1, 2018, 48 Pa.B. 1095. Immediately preceding text appears at serial page (305183).
Source & verification. Rule text, the Official Note, and the amendment
history are reproduced verbatim from the Pennsylvania Code, Title 231, the official compilation
of rules adopted by the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania. Last verified June 30, 2026. ·
Official text
Also known as: mediation definitionconfidential mediationneutral mediator custody