Federal Rules of Civil Procedure

1 Scope and Purpose 2 One Form of Action

3 Commencing an Action 4 Summons 4.1 Serving Other Process 5 Serving and Filing Pleadings and Other Papers 5.1 Constitutional Challenge to a Statute—Notice, Certification, and Intervention 5.2 Privacy Protection For Filings Made with the Court 6 Computing and Extending Time; Time for Motion Papers

7 Pleadings Allowed; Form of Motions and Other Papers 7.1 Disclosure Statement 8 General Rules of Pleading 9 Pleading Special Matters 10 Form of Pleadings 11 Signing Pleadings, Motions, and Other Papers; Representations to the Court; Sanctions 12 Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing 13 Counterclaim and Crossclaim 14 Third-Party Practice 15 Amended and Supplemental Pleadings 16 Pretrial Conferences; Scheduling; Management 16.1 Multidistrict Litigation

17 Plaintiff and Defendant; Capacity; Public Officers 18 Joinder of Claims 19 Required Joinder of Parties 20 Permissive Joinder of Parties 21 Misjoinder and Nonjoinder of Parties 22 Interpleader 23 Class Actions 23.1 Derivative Actions 23.2 Actions Relating to Unincorporated Associations 24 Intervention 25 Substitution of Parties

26 Duty to Disclose; General Provisions Governing Discovery 27 Depositions to Perpetuate Testimony 28 Persons Before Whom Depositions May Be Taken 29 Stipulations About Discovery Procedure 30 Depositions by Oral Examination 31 Depositions by Written Questions 32 Using Depositions in Court Proceedings 33 Interrogatories to Parties 34 Producing Documents, Electronically Stored Information, and Tangible Things, or Entering onto Land, for Inspection and Other Purposes 35 Physical and Mental Examinations 36 Requests for Admission 37 Failure to Make Disclosures or to Cooperate in Discovery; Sanctions

38 Right to a Jury Trial; Demand 39 Trial by Jury or by the Court 40 Scheduling Cases for Trial 41 Dismissal of Actions 42 Consolidation; Separate Trials 43 Taking Testimony 44 Proving an Official Record 44.1 Determining Foreign Law 45 Subpoena 46 Objecting to a Ruling or Order 47 Selecting Jurors 48 Number of Jurors; Verdict; Polling 49 Special Verdict; General Verdict and Questions 50 Judgment as a Matter of Law in a Jury Trial; Related Motion for a New Trial; Conditional Ruling 51 Instructions to the Jury; Objections; Preserving a Claim of Error 52 Findings and Conclusions by the Court; Judgment on Partial Findings 53 Masters

54 Judgment; Costs 55 Default; Default Judgment 56 Summary Judgment 57 Declaratory Judgment 58 Entering Judgment 59 New Trial; Altering or Amending a Judgment 60 Relief from a Judgment or Order 61 Harmless Error 62 Stay of Proceedings to Enforce a Judgment 62.1 Indicative Ruling on a Motion for Relief That is Barred by a Pending Appeal 63 Judge’s Inability to Proceed If a judge conducting a hearing or trial is unable to proceed, any

64 Seizing a Person or Property 65 Injunctions and Restraining Orders 65.1 Proceedings Against a Security Provider 66 Receivers 67 Deposit into Court 68 Offer of Judgment 69 Execution 70 Enforcing a Judgment for a Specific Act 71 Enforcing Relief For or Against a Nonparty 71.1 Condemning Real or Personal Property

72 Magistrate Judges: Pretrial Order 73 Magistrate Judges: Trial by Consent; Appeal 74 [Abrogated (Apr. 11, 1997, eff. Dec. 1, 1997).] 75 [Abrogated (Apr. 11, 1997, eff. Dec. 1, 1997).] 76 [Abrogated (Apr. 11, 1997, eff. Dec. 1, 1997).]

77 Conducting Business; Clerk’s Authority; Notice of an Order or Judgment 78 Hearing Motions; Submission on Briefs 79 Records Kept by the Clerk 80 Stenographic Transcript as Evidence

81 Applicability of the Rules in General; Removed Actions 82 Jurisdiction and Venue Unaffected 83 Rules by District Courts; Judge’s Directives 84 [Abrogated (Apr. 29, 2015, eff. Dec. 1, 2015).] 85 Title 86 Effective Dates

87 Civil Rules Emergency

A Scope of Rules B In Personam Actions: Attachment and Garnishment C In Rem Actions: Special Provisions D Possessory, Petitory, and Partition Actions E Actions in Rem and Quasi in Rem: General Provisions F Limitation of Liability G Forfeiture Actions In Rem

ss-1 Review of Social Security Decisions Under 42 U.S.C. § 405(g) ss-2 Complaint ss-3 Service ss-4 Answer; Motions; Time ss-5 Presenting the Action for Decision ss-6 Plaintiff’s Brief ss-7 Commissioner’s Brief ss-8 Reply Brief